01Parallel vote tabulation · Nigeria

From the booth
to the broadcast.

One trained agent in every polling unit. A photo of the result sheet behind every number. And the share of booths counted shown beside every total, so you always know how much of the country you are actually looking at.

Polling units
176,623
Wards
8,809
LGAs
774
States + FCT
37

Poll360 is not an electoral commission and publishes no official result. The figures are what our agents reported from the booths they were standing in.

25/07/04/019

Model Primary School II · Ward 04

Submitted

Position matched to the appointed unit

41m from the unit on file · accuracy ±8m · 18:42:07

Registered
1,204
Accredited
542
Rejected
9
  • APC214
  • PDP168
  • LP96
  • NNPP31

509 cast + 9 rejected ≤ 542 accredited

Result sheet attached

sha256 · 9f2c41e8… · 1600px · 214KB

One result, as an agent files it from the booth. The figures here are made up; the fields and the checks are the real ones.

02The live board

February 2023, arriving again

Nigeria's last presidential election, replayed on the board a situation room would have watched it on. States start grey because nobody has reported from them yet, the share counted climbs, and leads change hands before they settle. Every figure is the real declared result, drag the slider to go back to any moment of the night.

Collating

Presidential · 25 February 2023

21:39

ReplayThese are the real declared results of the 2023 presidential election. Only the order they arrive in is made up, nobody publishes a booth-by-booth arrival log, so every figure, and the finished map, is exactly what happened.

  • APC
  • PDP
  • LP
  • NNPP
  • OTH
  • No returns yet

Booths reporting

27.8%

States complete

0/37

Booths in
49,172 of 176,623
Valid votes ÷ register so far
25.5%

Votes counted

6,375,222

  • APCAll Progressives Congress

    33.4%

    2,132,213

  • PDPPeoples Democratic Party

    31.5%

    2,010,752

  • LPLabour Party

    28.4%

    1,813,230

  • NNPPNew Nigeria Peoples Party

    3.9%

    246,046

  • OTHOther parties

    2.7%

    172,981

Lead over second place 121,461

Latest returns

  • 37/05/09/017Zamfara+540PDP
  • 18/07/10/003Jigawa+662APC
  • 23/26/09/024Kogi+607APC
  • 01/11/04/032Abia+606LP
  • 35/10/08/025Taraba+521PDP
  • 15/09/07/026Federal Capital Territory+315LP
  • 02/20/10/040Adamawa+586PDP
Evening27.8%
Every state, its leading party, its share and how much of it has reported. The same figures the map above is drawn from.
StateLeadingShareCountedStatus
AnambraLP93.9%63%Decided
OgunAPC55.2%56.1%Leaning
Akwa IbomPDP43.3%52.8%Leaning
EkitiAPC58.7%49.1%Leaning
AdamawaPDP61.5%46.2%Leaning
OsunAPC48.9%45.8%Too close
ZamfaraAPC50.1%44.4%Too close
EbonyiLP81%41.4%Leaning
EnuguLP96%41.2%Leaning
BenueAPC42.3%39%Leaning
JigawaAPC45.1%37.8%Too close
Cross RiverLP47.7%37.3%Leaning
OndoAPC46.4%36.3%Leaning
KogiAPC45.3%35.4%Leaning
GombePDP50.3%33.4%Leaning
SokotoPDP54.6%32%Leaning
ImoLP74.6%31.6%Leaning
LagosLP57.1%27.1%Leaning
KebbiPDP61.8%27%Leaning
RiversAPC43.9%26.4%Leaning
DeltaLP54.9%25.6%Leaning
BauchiPDP55.4%24.7%Too early
EdoLP51.3%23.6%Too early
PlateauLP44.9%22.2%Too early
NasarawaPDP38%22%Too early
BornoPDP55.5%20.7%Too early
Federal Capital TerritoryLP64.1%19.7%Too early
KwaraAPC57.5%19.4%Too early
BayelsaPDP36%19.1%Too early
KatsinaAPC48.6%18.8%Too early
YobePDP60.6%16.1%Too early
AbiaLP86.8%15.4%Too early
KanoNNPP68.2%13.2%Too early
TarabaPDP35.4%12.9%Too early
KadunaLP33.8%10.5%Too early
NigerAPC56.8%9%Too early
OyoAPC52.3%5%Too early

37 of 37 states reporting

Reading this board

  • Grey does not mean zero. A state nobody has reported from is drawn grey and says “no returns yet” in the table.
  • Every figure says how much is counted. A share is always of the booths counted so far, never of the whole country.
  • Nothing is called early. Under a quarter counted, a state reads “too early” however big the lead looks.
  • Colour is never the only clue. Two of these party colours look identical to one man in twelve, so every state carries its party’s initials, one is drawn with stripes, and this table has no colour at all.

INEC declared results, 2023 presidential election, compiled by Wikipedia. Adding up the state rows gives 24,026,730 valid votes against INEC’s declared 24,025,940, a 0.003% difference in the published source, which we have left as we found it rather than tidied away. Booth counts per state are worked out from the register. Boundaries: geoBoundaries gbOpen (CC BY 4.0), geoboundaries.org, CC BY 4.0.

03What we will not get wrong

Four rules, and they are not settings

Every results system has to make these four choices. Most make them quietly, on the night, under pressure to show a cleaner map. We make them in public, and we build them in so nobody can switch them off at 11pm.

  1. 01

    Grey means nobody has reported yet

    If no result has come in from a booth, we draw it grey and say so. We never colour it in for a party, and never show it as a low score. At 9pm, “nobody is winning here” and “nobody has told us yet” are two completely different things.

  2. 02

    Every number says how much is counted

    A party ahead on 4% of booths is not ahead. Every figure we publish sits next to the share of booths it came from, on screen, on air, and in anything you download.

  3. 03

    There is a photo behind every result

    A result is filed with a photo of the result sheet, by a named agent, from a phone whose location was recorded at that moment. A number with nothing behind it is a claim, not a result.

  4. 04

    This is a count, not the count

    Our agents' figures stay in their own column, next to the official ones and never mixed into them. The gap between the two is the most interesting number of the night, and blending them destroys it.

04How a result travels

Seven steps from a booth to a screen

Each step is a place a count can go wrong. Each one is closed by the software itself, rather than by a rule in a handbook nobody opens on election night.

  1. 01

    One booth, one agent

    All 176,623 polling units are a named position, each filled by one person appointed by the ward above them. Not a sign-up sheet, a chart with a name in every square.

    One seat per booth

  2. 02

    The app already knows their booth

    It opens on the agent's own polling unit. There is no list to choose from, because a booth you can choose is a booth somebody can choose wrongly.

    No dropdown, ever

  3. 03

    Where they are standing is recorded

    When the form opens, the phone's location is taken and compared with the booth they were appointed to. It backs up the filing. It never decides which booth is being filed for.

    Location backs it up

  4. 04

    The arithmetic is checked in their hand

    Accredited cannot be more than registered. Votes plus rejected cannot be more than accredited. An empty form is not a result. Caught on the phone while the sheet is still in front of them, then checked again on our side.

    Checked as they type

  5. 05

    The sheet is photographed

    The photo is shrunk on the phone before it is sent, so it goes through on a weak rural signal instead of stalling. We then seal it, so the image you look at next year is provably the one filed tonight.

    Shrunk, then sealed

  6. 06

    Somebody above them checks it

    A coordinator for that area compares the figures against the photo. Nobody signs off their own work, not a ward coordinator, not head office. Change a number after it has been checked and it goes straight back to unchecked.

    Never your own work

  7. 07

    It is on the board seconds later

    The moment it lands it counts at every level: ward, LGA, state, zone and nation. The situation room, the newsroom and the video wall all see the same number at the same second.

    Six levels at once

05Who is looking at it

Three rooms, three screens

One count, shown three ways. The agent filing the result, the coordinator checking it and the producer putting it on air are doing three different jobs under three different pressures, so they do not get the same screen.

In the field

The agent's phone

Held one-handed, standing up, at night, on a signal that may not hold.

  • Opens on their own booth, nothing to search for or pick
  • Location checked against the booth they were appointed to
  • Big number pads, a running total, and the maths checked as they type
  • The result sheet photographed and shrunk on the phone
  • Saved as they go, so a dropped signal costs a retry, not the figures
Situation room

The checking floor

What is in, what is missing, and what needs a second look, with each coordinator seeing only their own area.

  • Live coverage by state, LGA and ward: what has arrived and what has not
  • A checking queue with the photo right beside the figures
  • Anything odd flagged: more votes than voters, a booth reporting twice, one ward out of step
  • A disputed result needs a written reason, and stops counting without being deleted
  • The gap between our count and the official figures, biggest first
  • Every action signed and timestamped
On air

Ready for the studio

Built to be put on air directly, not screen-grabbed by a producer at 2am.

  • Full-screen boards sized for a video wall and readable across a studio
  • A web address your gallery software can point straight at
  • Lower thirds and state cards that update themselves as results land
  • How much is counted and the time are part of every frame
  • A careful call: too early, too close, leaning, decided
  • Download everything in your area as a spreadsheet

06On air

Graphics you can put straight on air

Not a dashboard somebody screen-grabs at 2am. A finished picture that keeps itself up to date and says how much is counted in every shot.

A link, not a file
Point your gallery software at a web address. Full HD, and a see-through background if you need one.
Context built in
How much is counted and the time are part of the picture, not a caption somebody forgets to add.
It updates itself
The graphic redraws as results land. Nobody re-exports anything halfway through a bulletin.
A call you can defend
Too early, too close, leaning, decided. How much is counted comes first, the size of the lead second.
62.4% of booths counted · 21:04
Presidential
National
  • APC36.6%
  • PDP29.1%
  • LP25.4%
  • NNPP6.2%
An example graphic at full HD, over a stand-in for your programme picture. The shares are the declared 2023 presidential result.

07The structure

Six levels, and one of them does the work

This is how Nigeria's results add up, top to bottom. Every figure at the five levels above is made out of one person, at one booth, filing one result, which is why the bottom row is the loud one.

The six levels a result is read at, how many there are of each, and who reports.
LevelNameWhat it coversUnitsWho reports
01NationalThe whole country1n/a
02ZoneGeopolitical zone6n/a
03StateState or the FCT37n/a
04LGALocal Government Area774n/a
05WardRegistration area8,809Coordinator checks it
06Polling unitThe booth itself176,623Agent files the result

Includes the 56,737 polling units added in 2021. One agent per booth, one result per booth, and a correction updates that result rather than adding a second one.

A number without its coverage is not a smaller truth. It is a different claim.

Every total we show, on the wall, in the studio, in what you download, arrives with the share of booths it came from attached to it. Not in a tooltip. Not in a footnote. Right beside the number, in the same frame, at a size you can read across a room.

08Our rules

Six things this system will not do

These are not policies in a document somewhere. They are built into how the software works, so nobody can quietly set them aside on the night.

  • A booth cannot report twice

    One booth, one result. A correction updates that result, it never adds a second one. Two results from one booth is exactly the confusion this rule exists to prevent.

  • The booth is not something you type in

    It comes from the agent's appointment, checked on our side every single time they file. A box where you type the booth name is a box somebody could change.

  • A disputed result is never deleted

    It stays where it is, keeps its photo, and stops counting. Deleting it would be the most suspicious thing this system could possibly do.

  • Nobody signs off their own work

    Built in and checked twice, so even the account with every permission in the system cannot approve a result it filed itself.

  • Colour is never the only clue

    Every state carries its leading party's initials across it, every tooltip names the party in words, and the table under the map is the same information with no colour in it at all.

  • The photos are not public

    Totals are public. The photographed sheet is not, it can show handwriting, a bystander, and exactly where somebody stood at a known hour. Only the agent who filed it and their coordinators can see it.

09Where it actually is

What is built, and what is not

Booth to board is working today. Two things are half-done and two are still to come. You should know which is which before you put an election night on it.

  • Built

    Booth to board

    Filing, checking, photos, disputes, and totals at all six levels

  • Built

    Public results pages

    National map, state pages, LGA and ward grids, and a live feed of arrivals

  • Built

    The checking queue

    Each coordinator sees their own area, with the photo beside the figures

  • Built

    The map itself

    State and LGA boundaries prepared in advance, so nothing has to be fetched on the night

  • Partly built

    Constituency results

    Senate and House races still add up by geography rather than by constituency

  • Partly built

    The gap with official figures

    Worked out and shown as a panel; it wants a page of its own

  • Next

    Filing with no signal

    Save on the phone, including the photo, and send it when the signal comes back

  • Next

    Downloads

    A spreadsheet of every counted result inside your area

10Request access

Bring us the election you have to cover

Tell us the contest, the date, and roughly how many polling units you can put a named agent in. We will tell you honestly what Poll360 will do for that night, what it will not, and what it takes to set up. Already working an election with us? Log in and pick up where your room left off.

Situation rooms
Party and coalition rooms running their own agents in the field
Broadcasters
Newsrooms and studios that need graphics with the count attached
Observer missions
Local and international observers who need their own downloads
Campaigns
Candidates who want to know what their own agents actually saw

Accounts are issued to named people by the room they work for, never signed up for in public. Prefer email? Write to access@poll360.ng and a person will answer you.

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